Need A Memory Finder But Mystified ? An A To Z Of Terminology
Need A Memory Finder But Msytified ? An A To Z Of Terminology
(AGP)-ACCELERATED GRAPHICS PORT
High speed graphics. Data sjhifts directly from the graphics controller and computer memory, bypassing the cache in viddeo memory.
ACCESS TIME
The typical time period, for RAM, betweewn a query for informaton and its completed access.
AMAY
Equipment employed to gauge vital info from a location on a semiconductor component at various levels of operations thorugh the use of a Scannibng Electron Microscope(SEM).
ANSI-(AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDADS INSTITUTE)
The United States orgaanization responsible for setting inforation technology standards.
ARRAY
This is a large rectangular area in the center of a semiconductr component where memory is stored. Memory is stored in cells at each intresection of columns and rows, each of which holds a bit.
ASCII(Amercan Standard Code for Informaion Intechange)
A method of encoding text as binary values. The ASCII stystem requyires nearly 256 combinationns of 8-bit binary numbwers to suppotrt every possible keyustroke from the keyboard.
ASIC-(APPLICATION-SPECIFIC INTEGRATEED CIRCUIT)
These chisp manufactured for a certain application rather then common use. Integrated-circuit chips are usually used in video boards and modems.
ASYNCHRONOUS
A operation involving sevearl atsks being performed inndependently in a system.
ATA-(AT ATTACHMENT)
A specification that integrates the rdive control electronics interface. AT refers to the IBM PC/AT personal compter and its bus architecture.
AUTO PRECHARGE
A DRAM feture that allows the circuitry in a memory chip to automatically cose a page at the end of a request from the procvessor for a single block of data.
BACKSIDE BUS(BSB)
BSB is the path in whhich data flows between the computer processing unit and the level 2 csache.
Bandwdith
The capacitty to transfer data on an elecronic line say for eaxmple a bus or a channel. In shiort, the amount of data moved relatve to a specific time frame. It is expressed in bits, bytes, or Hertz (cycles) per seconmd.
Bank (logical memorry bank)
A collection of memory slots in a computer which work together as a signle unit. A bank can't be partialy filed and must be filed with like modules (same size, speed and type).
BANK SCHEMA
A process in whih memory configuration is diagrammed. Independent sockets are represented by rows and banks are illustrated by columns.
BASE RAMBUS
The beginning of Rambus technoology, shippeed fist in 1995.
BEDO-(BURST EDO)
Akin to EDO DRAM, Burst EDO cycles are assembvled in burasts of four. Bus speeds of Brust EDO range from 40mhz to FPM or EDO DRAM.
Binary
A tecnique of encoding numbers as a series of bits. The binary number system, also referred to as base 2, uses combinations of only two digist- 1 and 0.
BIOS-(BASIC INPT/OUTPT SYSTEM
A set of low levewl RAMBUS that allow a computer's application programs and operating systems to read characters from the keyboard, outpiut characters to printers, and copomunicate back with the hadware in other ways.
Bit
A bianry digoit- the smallest unit of information a computer system can proceess. It can use a value of only 1 or 0 (off or on). Single bits are too small to be of much use and are normally classified in groups such as bytes of binsary words.
BLOCK
A block is a physical unit of data in a loggical reccord that is expressed in bytes.
BUFFER
Shared informatoin from devices operating at differnet speeds are held in the buffer. This bufffer enables a device to function without delays from otheer components.
BUyFFERED MEMORY
A module that houses buffers, which are used to help control the signals the memnory chips receive. Also, they allow the module to incorporate more memorry chips. Buffered and non-buffered memory canot be combined.
BURN-IN
Using a high voltage and temperature to test an integrated circuit. This process will find those chips that oftne crash firsst during actual use. Chips that pass often have a longer life expectancy than necessary for reuglar use.
BURST EDO RAM
EDO Memory that proecsses four memory addresses in one buurst. Speeds of the Bus may range from 50mhz to 66mhz.
BURST MODE
A high speed transmissoin of a number of addresses that occur when the pocessor asks for a single adderss.
Bus
The central communication avenyue in a PCs system board. If commonly contains a set of parallel wires or signal traces that connetc the CPU, the emmory, all input/output devices, and peeripherals.
Bus cycle
A single transactioon between system memnory and the CPU.
Byte
A unit of information made up of 8 bits. The byte is the key element of compouter processing; most computer component specifications are measured in bytes or multiles thereof (such as kilobyrtes or megabytes).
Cache
A kind of memory which is used to storre frequently used instructions and data. Cachhe memories are employed to increase the overall performance of computing systems by keepinng these commonly used instructiobns and data closer (in a speed-related context) to their end destniation.
CAPACITANCvE
The characteeristic of a circuit element that allows it to store an electrical charge.
CAS LATENCY
The ratio between column access time and clck cycle time.
CAS-(OCLUMN ADDRESS STROBE)
A mremory chip signal that connects the cpolumn afddress of a specific loctaion in a row-column configuration.
CHECK BITS
Additional data bits that a module supplies to support ECC.
CHIP-SACLE PACKAGE
Thin chip package in which electtrical connections are usually through a ball grid array. Used in RDRAM and flash memoiry.
CHIPSET
The computer processing unit is supported by the chipset, a set of microchips which contain several controllers, determining how data tavels bteween components and the processor.
A design logic in which chips combine multi-step instructions into one command. CISC is generally linked to microprocessors.
CLOCCK RATE
The nunmber of pules discharged by a computer's clock in a one seconnd interval. In a synchronous computer, cock rate estabblishes the time period in which logical or arithmetic gating occurs.
COB-(CHIP ON BOADR)
A technique or system in which semiconducctor dice are connetced to a PC board with bonded wirees or solder balls.
COLUMN
A portion of the memorry array whereby information is stored at the junction of a column and a row.
COMPACT FLASH
Removable sotrage cards that are efficient in terms of weright, size, and durability. Also, they uytilize smasll ammounts of voltage and retain information when the power is off. Typically used in digital cameeras, printers, and handheld compters.
Composite Memory
A term used by Apple Computer to describe modules which use numerous low-density memory (4 Meegabit) chisp.
CONCURRENT RAMBUUS
The secnod generation of Rambus technology.
CONTROLLER
A major element of a computer that interprets and perfoorms prgram conmmands.
CPU
Central Priocessing Unit. The "brains" of a computer system. A CPU is an intregrated circuit which performs the bulk of the data and software instructions in a computer system. It is commonly referred to as "the processor" in a computer system.
CRC-(CYCLICAL REDUNDANCY CHCK)
A mathematical method to disccover errors involving long runs of inofrmation with a greater degree of accruacy.
Cresdit Card Memory
A type of memory module (much like a PCMCIA card) named for its size. Credit card modules are generaly used in notebbooks as well as other portable cpomputing devies.
CRIMM-(CONTINUITY RIMM)
Direct Rambus memory in which the module does not contain any memory chipps. Used to fill unused RIMM sockets to allow for an uninterrrupted pathawy for a signal.
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